1.0. Speculations and Conclusions About the Past (Unit - 17)
1.2. Explanations - Use Must have and had to have when you are almost Certain about your conclusions.
2.0. The passive : Overview (Unit - 18)
2.2. Explanations - I Don´t know who opened it.
2.3. Explanations - When the agent (the person or thing doing the action) is unknown or not important.
3.0. The passive with modals and similar expressions (Unit - 19)
3.2. Explanations - Use Will or be going to with the passive to talk about the future.
4.0. The passive causative (Unit - 20)
4.1. Examples- I have my hair cut by Antônio every Month.
4.2. Explanations - Form the passive causative with the appropriate form of have or Get + Object + Past Participle. Have and Get have the same meaning.
4.4. Explanations - Use by when it is necessary to mention the agent (the person doing the service).
5.0. Present real conditionals (Unit - 21)
5.1. Examples- IF It´s a gold bracelet, this jewel is expensive.
5.2. Explanations - Use present real conditional sentences for general Truths.
5.3. Explanations - The if clause talks about the condition, and the result clause talks about what happens if the conditions occurs.
6.0. Future real conditionals (Unit - 22)
6.1. Examples- If I have time during the week, I´ll help my children with their homework.
6.2. Explanations - Use future real conditional sentences to talk about what will happen under certain conditions. The if clause gives the condition. The result clause gives the probable or certain result.
6.1. Examples- If I have time during the week, I´ll help my children with their homework.
6.2. Explanations - Use future real conditional sentences to talk about what will happen under certain conditions. The if clause gives the condition. The result clause gives the probable or certain result.
7.0. Adjetive Clauses with subject relative pronouns (Unit - 13)
7.1. Examples- My favorite relative who lives in Atlanta calls me often.
7.2. Explanations - The adjetive clause is necessary to identify the relative. Use an identifying clause to identify which member of a group the sentence talks about. Do not use commas with this kind of adjective clause(adj clause non identifying).
8.0. Adjetive Clauses with object relative pronouns (Unit - 14)
8.1. Examples - I read a book which he wrote.
8.2. Explanations - Use wich or that to refer to things, you can leave out the realative pronoun. When if is not the subject.
9.0. Modals and similar expressions (Unit - 15)
9.1. Examples - You´d Better stop eating so much sweet or your body an heath will suffer.
9.2. Explanations - Use had better for urgent advice, when you believe that something bad will happen if the person does not follow the advice.
7.1. Examples- My favorite relative who lives in Atlanta calls me often.
7.2. Explanations - The adjetive clause is necessary to identify the relative. Use an identifying clause to identify which member of a group the sentence talks about. Do not use commas with this kind of adjective clause(adj clause non identifying).
8.0. Adjetive Clauses with object relative pronouns (Unit - 14)
8.1. Examples - I read a book which he wrote.
8.2. Explanations - Use wich or that to refer to things, you can leave out the realative pronoun. When if is not the subject.
9.0. Modals and similar expressions (Unit - 15)
9.1. Examples - You´d Better stop eating so much sweet or your body an heath will suffer.
9.2. Explanations - Use had better for urgent advice, when you believe that something bad will happen if the person does not follow the advice.
10.0. Advisability in the past (Unit - 16)
10.1. Examples - I shouldn´t have missed the english exame. (Express Regreat)
10.2. Explanations - should not have and ought not have are the only forms used in negative statements about advisability in the past. Should not have is more common.
10.1. Examples - I shouldn´t have missed the english exame. (Express Regreat)
10.2. Explanations - should not have and ought not have are the only forms used in negative statements about advisability in the past. Should not have is more common.
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